Bangladesh: How is advancing in nuclear energy?

“Bangladesh is set to become the world’s 33rd country to generate electricity using nuclear energy.” This statement marks a pivotal moment as the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant initiates fuel loading, a crucial step towards harnessing nuclear energy for electricity generation.

The Rooppur project, which is Bangladesh’s largest infrastructure initiative, aims to provide significant contributions to the national grid. With a total generation capacity of 2,400 megawatts, it consists of two units, each capable of producing 1,200 megawatts. This development not only enhances Bangladesh’s energy security but also positions it among the global community of nations utilizing nuclear power.

As the country prepares for its first trial supply of 300 megawatts by August, the implications for energy demand are substantial. The plant is expected to meet approximately 10-12 percent of Bangladesh’s electricity needs. This shift could alleviate some of the ongoing energy challenges faced by the nation.

That context matters because Bangladesh has struggled with an energy deficit that hampers economic growth. In recent years, the tax-to-GDP ratio in Bangladesh has hovered near 7%, one of the lowest in Asia. The government’s total tax take stands at roughly $35-40 billion annually, indicating potential fiscal challenges.

The potential introduction of a targeted inheritance or net-wealth levy could raise an estimated $1.5-1.7 billion annually. However, such tax policies often face political resistance; as one analyst noted, “The political case however is another matter. Inheritance tax is unpopular almost everywhere it exists.” Still, Bangladesh now appears to be weighing such an option.

This financial landscape plays a critical role as Bangladesh anticipates future economic growth—especially with projections indicating that its per capita GDP may surpass India’s by 2026. Currently, Bangladesh’s per capita GDP is nearly twice that of Assam’s, showcasing its rapid development trajectory.

The Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant represents more than just a technological advancement; it symbolizes a broader ambition for Bangladesh to enhance its energy independence and economic resilience. As this project progresses towards full-scale commercial generation—expected within ten months after trial operations—the world will be watching closely.